Tool.



PATENTED JAN. 13, 1903 W. H. SOLEY.

TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.16, 1897.

HO MODEL.

Arm/mm? Unrrn TATES ATENT OFFICE.

\VILLIAM II. SOLEY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO CHICAGO PNEUMATIC TOOL COMPANY, A

CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 718,542, dated January 13, 1903.

' Application filed November 16,1897. Serial No. 658.751. (No model.)

alogous motive fluid, and has for its object the construction of a tool of this class which is simple in construction and certain in operation.

The invention consists in a certain mode of construction and connection of the parts whereby this result is obtained.

In the drawings, Figure lis a longitudinal view of the tool, chiefly in section, representing the striker or piston in the position it normally occupies at its extreme downstroke. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the striker in its central position. Fig. 3 is a similar View showing the striker in its extreme upper position. Fig. 4 is a section on the line .1 1, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 3 3, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a section on the line 2 2, Fig. 1.

A is the casing, havingat one end secured to it the tool-holder B, having the orifice b for the insertion of the shank of the tool.

C is the striker,having the grooved portions 0 and c.

D is an orifice through the casing adapted to be connected with the source of pressuresupply.

D is a longitudinal passage on the interior of the casing terminating in the ports at and d adjacent, respectively, to the grooved portions 0 and c of the striker.

E is a groove or series of grooves in the casing opening through ports e into one end of cylinder F, in which the striker C works, and E is a groove or series of grooves in the casing terminating at ports (a in the opposite end of cylinder F.

e represents aseries of ports connected with groove E adjacent to the grooved portion a.

G is a port opening through the case into the atmosphere and exhaust-port. Thisport G is by means of the grooves g g g g in the casing and ports g g g g in connection with one end of the cylinder and by means of grooves g g g g? and ports g g g g with the other end of the cylinder.

In describing the operation of the tool we will suppose the striker to be in the position shown in Fig. 1namely, in its lowermost position. The air or other pressure medium through the orifice D and passage D is admitted through port dto the grooved portion 0, and thence through ports'c groove E,'and

ports e .to the loweror striking end of the chamber. The upper or opposite end of the chamber is open to the exhaust through ports g grooves 9 and port G. The piston will consequently be moved upward. When the piston has reached its central position, the solid part of the piston will have moved opposite the ports e thus cutting off the connection from the grooved portion 0 to the grooves E and the striking end of the chamber. Meanwhile the solid part of the piston has moved over the ports 9 cutting 01f the connection between the upper end of the chamber and the grooves 97 and port G, leading to the exhaust. The piston has also moved to. such position that the ports 6 open into the grooved portion a, and the live air is free to flow from the grooved portion a through ports a grooves E, and ports e to the striking end of the cylinder. Owing, however, to the extremely rapid speed of the piston and the appreciable period of time required for the live air to travel to the upper end of the chamber, the air-pressure above the piston is not immediately efifectiveyand owing to the expansion of the live air confined beneath the piston and the great momentum of the piston it is carried upward to the position shown in Fig. 3, at which position the solid part of the piston has moved to uncover the ports g, open-ing through grooves g and port G to the exhaust. The live air above the piston has meanwhile become effective, and the air therein has become further compressed by the upward movement of the piston. Consequently the piston is immediately returned to the position indicated in Fig. 1. It for any reason the piston travels below the position shown in Fig. l, as if it drops bygravity after the air-supply has been cut off, the solid part of the piston passes over the port d. In this position there is no open passage from the supply to beneath the piston through the ports and passages hereinbefore described.

To provide for this contingency, I cut in the casing and extension of the groove D, provided with the port d pass beneath the position of Fig. 1, the live air will be admitted through groove D, port d grooved portion 0, ports 6 grooves E, and ports e to the striking end of the chamber.

From the foregoing description of the operation of the tool it will be observed that it exhibits the following peculiar and essential characteristics: \Vhen the striker starts from its position at either end of the casing, (say, from the top,) the pressure above the striker overbalances the pressure (in the tool shown that of the atmosphere) beneath the striker. The instant after the tool reaches the position indicated in Fig. 2 the compressed air is in communication with both ends of the casing simultaneously, thus counterbalancing the pressure above and below the casing. The next instant the striker moves, so as to cut 06 the compressed air from above the striker and open it full to the bottom of the casing. The tool, however, by reason partly of gravity, but more especially by reason of momentum, continues to descend until it reaches substantially the position shown in Fig. 1. In the reverse operation of the tool the same series of conditions occur successively-first, the excess pressure on the bottom face of the striker; next, the counterbalancing of pressure, and, lastly, the excess pressure on the upper face of the striker. The above successive phases of the operation are due in the construction shown to the lead which port c has over port 6 in the descent of the piston, and vice versa in the upward movement thereofthat is, owing to the relative distances between these ports on the one hand and the outer shoulders of the grooves on the other hand both of these ports are simultaneously in communication with the supply and the pressure is simultaneously applied to both ends of the striker before it reaches its extreme limit of movement in either direction. By this means a quick return of the piston is insured and superior smoothness of operation effected.

While I have shown the inlet and exhaust in the central position of the tool, I do not intend to limit myself to this position except wherein it is specifically claimed. This position of the inlet is advantageous in that it enables the motive fiuid to be admitted at once to the grooves c and c. The position of the exhaust makes the distance equal from both ends of the cylinder, and thus the exhaust is made with equal rapidity from both ends.

Should the piston Having now fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is-

1. A tool consisting of a case havinga chamber provided with an inlet and an exhaust port, a striker in said chamber having a pocketed portion, a passage in the case having ports one opening into one end of said chamber and the other into one side of the central portion of said chamber, a similar passage having ports, one opening into the opposite end of the chamber and the other into the opposite side of the central portion of said chamber, the distance from end to end of the pocketed portion being greater than the distance between the two contiguous ports of the two passages, whereby the two passages are successively and alternately brought into communication with and cut off from the pocketed portion, and whereby in the reciproca tion of the striker one of the said two contiguous ports is opened before the other is closed.

2. A tool consisting of a case havinga chamber provided with an inlet and an exhaust port, a striker in said chamber having a pocketed portion, a passage in the case having ports, one opening into one end of the said chamber and the other into one side of the central portion of said chamber, a similar passage having ports, one opening into the opposite end of the chamber and the other into the opposite side of the central portion of said chamber, the distance from end to end of the pocketed portion, being greater than the distance between the two contiguous ports of the two passages, whereby the two passages are successively and alternately brought into communication with and cut oit from the pocketed portion, and whereby in the reciprocation of the striker one of said two contiguous ports is opened before the other is closed, and exhaust-openings at each end of the chamber adapted to be covered and uncovered in the reciprocation of the striker.

3. A tool consisting of a case havinga chamber provided with an inlet and an exhaust port, a striker in said chamber having two an nular grooves forming a pocketed portion, a port opening into each groove in connection with the inlet-port, a passage in the case having ports one opening into one end of the said chamber and the other into one side of the central portion of said chamber, a similar passage having ports, one opening into the opposite end of the chamber and the other into the opposite side of the central portion of said chamber whereby the two passages are alternately brought into communication with and cut ofi from the two grooves respectively, the distance between the inlet-ports in comparison with the distance between the grooves being such that the solid portion of the strikerbetween the grooves will move opposite to and over one of said inlet-ports at the end of the movement of the striker in one direction.

at. Atool consisting of a case having a chamber provided with an inlet and an exhaust port, a striker in said chamber having two annular grooves forming a pocketed portion, a port opening into each groove in connection with the inlet-port, a passage in the case having ports one opening into one end of said chamber and the other into one side of the central portion of said chamber, a similar passage having ports, one opening into the opposite end of the chamber and the other into the opposite side of the central portion of said chamber whereby the two passages are alternately brought into communication with and cut ofi from the two grooves respectively, the distance between the inlet-ports in comparison with the distance between the grooves be-- ing such that the solid portion of the striker between the grooves will move opposite to and over one of said inlet-ports at the end of the movement of the striker in one direction, and exhaust-openings at each end of the chamber adapted to be covered and uncovered in the reciprocation of the striker.

5. A tool consisting of acase havingachamber provided with an inlet and an exhaust port, a striker in said chamber having two annular grooves, forming a pocketed portion, a port opening into each groove in connection with the inlet-port, the pocketed portion being bounded at each end by end walls or shoulders formed by the solid portion of the striker, a solid portion of the striker also separating the two grooves of the pocketed portion, a passage in the case having ports one opening into one end of the said chamber and the other into one side of the central portion of said chamber, a similar passage having ports, one opening into the opposite end of the chamber and the other into the opposite side of the central portion of said chamber, the distance between the end walls or shoulders of the pocketed portion being greater than the distance between the two contiguous ports of the two passages whereby the two passages are alternately brought into communication with and cut off from the two grooves respectively, and whereby in the reciprocation of the striker one of said two contiguous ports is opened before the other is closed, the distance between the inlet-ports in comparison with the distance between the grooves being such that the solid portion of the striker between the grooves will move opposite to and over one of said inletports at the end of movement of the striker in one direction.

6. Atool consisting of a case havinga chamber provided with an inlet and an exhaust port, a striker in said chamber having two annular grooves, forming a pocketed portion, a port opening into each groove in connection with the inlet-port, the pocketed portion being bounded at each end by end walls or shoulders formed by the solid portion of the striker, a solid portion of the striker also separating the two grooves of the pocketed portion, a passage in the case having ports one opening into one end of the said chamber and the other into one side of the central portion of said chamber, a similar passage having ports, one opening into the opposite end of the chamber and the other into the opposite side of the central portion of said chamber, the distance between the end walls or shoulders 'of the pocketed portion being greater than the distance between the two contiguous ports of the two passages whereby the two passages are alternately brought into communication with and cut off from the two grooves respectively, and whereby in the reciprocation of the striker one of said two contiguous ports is opened before the other is closed, the distance between the i nlet-ports in comparison with the distance between the grooves being such that the solid portion of the striker between the grooves will move opposite to and over one of said inletports at the end of movement of the striker in one direction, and exhaust-openings at each end of the chamber adapted to be covered and uncovered in the reciprocation of the striker.

In testimony of which invention I have hereunto set my hand.

WILLIAM H. SOLEY. Witnesses:

M. F. ELLIS, CAROL H. DESHONG. 

